Some Social Evils in Nepal Exercise: Questions & Answers | Social Studies | Unit-4 Lesson-3

Unit-4 Lesson-3 Some Social Evils in Nepal Exercise.

1. Prove the statement with example that the Chhaupadi is the outcome of superstitious belief.

Answer: The mid and far western area of Nepal is almost underdeveloped part of Nepal. Areas lacking development are possibly affected by so many social, economic problems and issues. The place where there is less uneducated or illiterate circle, they don't practice praiseworthy works. Chhaupadi is also an evil practice based on superstitious belief. In it there is domination of illogical and irrational thought dominated by religious inclination. It is considered that if they drink milk or other milk products, the cow will not give enough milk. Similarly, if he touches a man, he will be sick. Likewise, if she goes to school or she touches the book then, Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge will be unhappy. The tree will dry out if she touches the tree during menstruation period. All these kinds of beliefs are unscientific. They are unrealistic. The western world went so advanced ignoring any kinds of superstitious beliefs, which they proved illogical and irrational.

2. Is there presence of Chhaupadi, Jhuma or any other problems in your society? If yes then make a list of those problems. State that which out of those problems are causing most severe impact? What may be the solution measures of it?

Answer: I am from eastern part of Nepal. In our area we don't find any traces of the evil practices of Jhuma or Ghumto or Deuki system. These evil practices are prevailed in the mid and far western parts of Nepal. Rather it is notable that dowry' system prevails more in the terai area of eastern area as a great biting problem. Apart from it, there are other evil practices like untouchability, insanity caused in the name of witchcraft.

Dowry is a very embarrassing and disgusting social spur in the modern society. In the name of marriage, if the demanded property is not given the bride is given torture and sometimes is either killed brutally. The most vicious thing is that dowry is an autonomous offering by the parents to their bride, but doing so by demand is very unsatisfactory.

Likewise, untouchability is another evil practice in the name of cast. It is very unscientific and illogical practice in the name of cast; the so-called upper cast people show brutal behaviour to the lower cast people.

Another example of very unscientific and insane evil practice is the horrific behaviour done over women in the blame of witch. Most of those who are blamed as witch are beaten by public, or defamed in the locality by forcibly pushing the manure or sewage into someone's mouth.

All these are vicious and condemnable social activities causing severe impact around our society, but dowry is probably the most frequently held social evil. Many of such tortured brides have been burnt alive, compelled to divorce or commit suicide.

According to our class discussion, following things can be done for its solution:

1. There should be mass social awareness, proper counselling to all the people where more victimizing members dwell in.
2. The role and presence of the state should be even more effective to implement the law, abiding condition to law.
3. The lessons should be included in the text books of School students. The children should be also encouraged to remove all this rubbish thought from their age.
4. Anyone going against the social norms and values and get provoked by some shrewd people to do this kind of sin should be socially boycott.

3. Out of many social problems prevalent in our society, most of them are more troublesome and uncomfortable to women than men. What is the reason behind it? Give suitable advice on the steps to be taken to solve them.

Answer: It is a clear fact that many evil practices create trouble and harassment to women than men. Even in the 21" century the males still boast of masculine domination in the society. This has surely caused uncomfortable situation in our society. They have to be more victimized because:

1. There is still male domination trend which the women find difficult to resist.
2. In so many aspects, women are found more restrictive and imposing things severely on women than the men, so it happens over them quite often.
3. Women are very sensitive and blamed of social defamation, they are religiously warned and economically dependent on men, so there is more chance to happen things over them.

To bring changes, following things should be done:

1. Our women rights organizations, women targeted welfare organizations should be bold and readily supportive to speak in favour of them.
2. Law implementation should be made practical and favourable. The justice persons should be impartial, fair and supportive towards women.
3. The mothers should be kind, generous and supportive to their daughter in-laws with the sense of gender equality and fairness.
4. The practice of support, favour, impartiality should be maintained by parents since their childhood, the female is equal to male.

4. The act of offering and giving dowry as a tradition has been taking the form of perversion and vitiation. Have you witnessed or listened any mishappening in your society? If yes, then what is it? And what can it be done in return? Think for suitable measures.

Answer: I have witnessed wedding ceremonies of my close family members. They got dowry as a normal trend, but never listened any worries, complaints in the name of dowry. But when I go to Jhapa in terai, I noticed a woman in the neighbourhood of my brother's house. As I listened, I saw that young lady of hardly 22 years or so, had burnt signs in her hands. She was found living there at her parents' house, which is called the 'maternal house.

When I took interest, about her issue, I learnt that she had been married to a person in Saptari district of Nepal. Her father was a person from middle class economic status. He had 'a paan shop' there in Birtamod. When she was around 20 years old, her parents had her marriage held. Her parents offered her dowry as per their capacity. But after few days, her so-called mother-in- law started murmuring and giggling on her regarding the limited dowry she brought. The woman started torturing her quite many times. Her husband and sister-in-law also were provoked by the mother-in-law and threatened to ask for more goods and cash with her father. When her father showed his incapability of fulfilling this demand, they went even harsh towards her. Then one evening, in the name of doing massage to mother-in-law, she was trickily dropped a small bowl-filled by hot oil. It dropped into her hands. She could not tolerate it anymore. She was left almost out of sense by pain. Later, she informed to her parents. The father came and complained to police, the police turned ignoring on this sort of complaint. Later she was taken back by father. Even at present, she gets terrified while thinking of marriage.

In my opinion, following things should be done to stop this kind of problems:

1. The women cell should be established in every small police station to listen to and rectify such domestic injustice and torture.
2. Awareness-should be raised so effectively since the childhood in every body that they think that dowry receiving and offering is a crime.
3. The social tradition underlying in the families of the entire 'Maithili tribe' should be encouraged for prosperity and understanding ethics of marriage. They should study or work hard and honestly to get good employment, so that they don't fall under the lust of dowry.
4. The young ladies should stand bold and strong to reject marriage proposal if they are demanded for incapable dowry.

5. The media sources report that the social problem called Chhaupadi, which is prevailed in mid-western and far-western, doesn't only victimize the illiterate women but also the educated and efficient women, too. The problem still prevailing in 21" century should be stopped; otherwise it will be a stigma. Give your description and logic against it on how they can be solved.

Answer: Chhaupadi is one very unscientific and shameful social practice in the mid and far-western places in Nepal, which are almost in the underdeveloped region. This superstitious belief is so strongly rooted down that not only the illiterate but even women from educated class have become victim of this system.

In it, the natural physical process of menstruation is taken as a curse and should remain under restrictive bars. It is so illogical practice that during the first menstruation time they have to stay at a shed for the cattle or makeshift hut for at least 10-11 days and other time till 6-7 days considering them impure. The most indigestive fact is that they are not allowed to enter not only their house but even their courtyard lying in just a thin rug. They are also barred from eating nutritious food like - meat, milk, curd etc. similarly, a woman after delivering the baby is also considered impure and enforced to live there for around 11 days. The most worrisome part is that the shed or hut where they live at is very unsafe and dangerous. The incidents of being killed by wild animals and snake bites and others have alarmed over the problem but it has not been stopped.

Women of every class and families have been affected by this problem. The reasons for the existence of this sort of evil practices are as follows:

1. The root of superstitious belief has been transforming' to every generation in such a way that their own mothers or mother-in-law enforce them to adopt it.
2. The belief on Chhaupadi is adopted as religiously restricted, so they think that it is a sin which they consider impossiole to violate despitę being severely victimized.
3. The so-called woman rights organizations or awareness programmes have made no effective approach except organizing seminars in the hotels of the capital city.

In contrast, following things should be done to reduce and gradually stop them:

1. The awareness programmes through local or national media’s or any other approaches should target on clarifying that menstruation 5 completely a natural human process, having no relation with religion.
2. The human/woman rights activists should mobilize and conduct activities of counselling, educating those women that it is a sinful act to enforce anyone doing and compelling to do so.
3. The teachers in the local level should remind, aware, encourage the local people to stop this act.
4. Other way is that the man shift hut should be made safe with fencing near the main house, provided with hygienic blankets and good bed, preferably with toilet inside the hut to save from the attack of animals or those people of criminal instinct.

6. "Offering and receiving dowry are both social crime". Clarify the given statement.

Answer: Of course, both these acts regarding dowry should be considered a crime. The traditional practice of offering dowry to their daughter for instant domestic support left so bad impact that later it developed as an integral part of marriage. The so-called groom's families had a foul instinct to get more by formal demand rather than being offered affectionately. The development of shrewd greed in the groom's family members has developed so unfairly that they take marriage as a source of collecting property from others.

This has resulted towards the opinion that now it is needless to think and offer dowry to daughter. It is better to offer education to daughters, which would be more worthy and precious dowry for the family. And those who shamelessly demand for the dowry should be arrested by police, or the local people should be bold enough to defame them or have a social boycott. They should rather be advised to work hard together, find employment or run any business to support their family's expenses. The social awareness should be made among the people in such a way. Everyone should be made able to realize the fact that offering and receiving dowry both are social crimes.

7. Prepare an article, that the 'Ghumto' system will cause obstacle on the personality development of women.

Answer: Many factors are responsible in human life for the rise and fall, happiness and misery or ups and downs. All these things happen by fate and destiny or act of human weakness. Following of so many social practices are still the cause of hindrances in human life. Some evil practices are caste based, region based. One of the condemnable social evil prevailed in the eastern and mid terai region of Nepal is 'the Ghumto' system. Ghumto refers to a cloth. Covering the head by cloth when any respectable senior family member's like- father- in-law or senior brother-in-law appears in front is not suitable at all in the 21^st century. Respect is an autonomous occurrence of ethics expressed by speech and other forms. But simply by covering their head is by no means illogical. Human being is the most sensitive and advanced creature out of many creatures. Since childhood, male and female always has to be confronted at various situations whether it is in the childhood days, youth age, matured or old age. The act of covering the head is a bar, a restriction. In practical life, many things have to be shared between a male and female. This will have a psychological impact in women that they are second class members, they are inferior to males.

The women will have to be deprived of so many progressive opportunities in education, employment and other social participatory activities. Barring them from these sectors means the family has to be deprived of good fortune, or either tolerate from loss, sufferings. Women are considered as a valuable and efficient power of modern life. In many situations, they have overtaken men because of their efficiency, sincerity, obedience and hardworking nature. They should rather be inspired, encouraged to go ahead. They should be taught to show respect not by covering head by clothes, rather by sincerity, honesty and open speech.

8. Mention any two social problems of your community. What could be your role to solve the problems? Write in brief.

Answer: Corruption and girl trafficking are the two social problems of our community. I would play the following role to solve the problems of corruption and girl trafficking:

1. I would arouse awareness among the people against corruption and girl trafficking all over the community and nation as a whole so that everyone can know about the harmful effects of these problems. This should be done through the means of communication.
2. I would ban entrance to the corrupt and girl traffickers to create corruption and traffickers free society.
3. I would complain or inform to the police if the corrupt persons and traffickers are found involved illegal activities. Severe punishment should be given.
4. I would help inspect the every government offices and boarder areas strictly.

9. What is Dowry System? How has it affected our society? What should we do to remove it?

Answer: Dowry system is a practice of giving money or property at the marriage of a daughter. This is a social evil of our country. It is mainly common in Terai region but now it is spreading over other parts of the country instead of being solved. This system has affected our society very badly. This system has made fun of equality of women. Many daughters-in-law and wives are physically and mentally tortured due to the lack of dowry. The bridegroom's side openly demands the dowry before arranging the marriage. If the dowry is not as much as it was agreed, the groom sometimes leaves the marriage and puts the future of bride in the dark and sometimes bride may be killed, too. It has been very difficult for the daughters of poor parents to get married. Many parents save money for the daughter's marriage instead of spending for her education. Dowry system has given importance to sons.

Dowry system can be removed by the following ways:

1. Public awareness should be raised through different media.
2. Girls should be sent to school equally as boys.
3. Women should be given equal parental property rights.
4. They should be given education and skill development training's.
5. Dowry system should be totally discouraged by the law.

10. Dowry system is solid bad Custom. How are the present activities effective in Nepal to control this custom? Present your views.

Answer: Dowry system is a practice of giving money or property at the marriage of a daughter. This is a social evil of our country. It is mainly common in Terai region. Now, this problem is spreading over other parts of the county instead of being solved. The present activities to solve the problem of dowry in Nepal are not effective. Public awareness programme aren't launched up to expected level through different media. Girls aren't sent to school equally as boys. Women are not to be given right to their parental property. Girls and women aren't provided with education and skill oriented training. The laws haven't become totally effective to eradicate this problem. Though greater number of girls have been educated and provided with skill oriented training, the practice of dowry hasn't decreased with them. Even the parents teaching in university prefer to give/take dowry to their daughter and son. Most interestingly, the law becomes silent in such situation. Therefore, the problem of dowry is continuing in Nepal.

11. What is untouchability? How has it affected our society? How can we remove it?

Answer: Untouchability is a very bad social evil prevalent in Nepal due to caste system. In this system some lowest caste people are regarded as untouchable by the higher caste people. They are downtrodden people. They are not allowed to enter the house of high caste people and high caste people do not eat food cooked or touched by them, even they do not drink water given or touched by them.

This system is a stigma for Nepalese society. It has degraded humanity and violated human rights and dignity. This has made very bad discrimination among people on the basis of birth. The lower caste people feel humiliation and suffer from exploitation. They have been backward in everything due to this system.

Untouchability can be solved by the following ways:

1. Public awareness through campaign.
2. Strict legal provision against untouchability.
3. Quota for downtrodden people in government posts.
4. Skill development training or employment opportunities for them to uplift their economic condition.

12. What are the main social evils found in our country? What steps are to be taken to avoid the evils? Discuss and write.

Answer: The main social evils found in our country are untouchability, dowry system Deuki Pratha, Jhuma, Ghumto Pratha and Chhaupadi. Following are the steps to be taken to avoid the evils in our country.

• Awareness:

We should aware public about social evils and their ba impact on our society through different of communication. This will definitely help them to uproot such evils from the country.

• Legal provision:

In order to eradicate such evils from the country, government should revise, formulate and implement strict law, rules and regulations against social evils which are prevailed in our society Punishment should be given to those who show discrimination.

• Inclusiveness development process:

Government should adopt inclusive development process to participate poor and social an economically excluded people such women, dalit and indigenous in political, economic and social fields. Reservations should be made to them so that these evils can be eliminated from the society.

• Education and skill development training for employment opportunities:

In order to avoid social evils, compulsory education should be given to everyone by including the contents in the school curriculum against social evils. Skilled development training and job oriented opportunities should be given for them (Women and dalit, etc.) to improve their economic condition. In this way, we can avoid such evils from our country.

13. List the prevailing social evils of our society, and explain any two of them.

Answer: The prevailing social evils of our country are as follows:

1. Un-touchability
2. Dowry
3. Deuki Pratha
4. Jhuma Pratha
5. Ghumto Pratha

The two evils, Deuki Pratha and Untouchability are briefly explained below:

• Deuki Pratha:

This system is common in the hilly areas of the Far- Western Development Region. In this system people offer their daughters to god in the temple in order to please god and get blessing from him. The girls thus offered aren't allowed to get married. This evil practise has violated women's rights i.e. right to get family care, to get married and form a family, etc. Hence, immediate steps should be taken to eliminate such inhumane system through public awareness.

• Untouchability:

Untouchability is a bad social evil prevalent in our country due to caste system. Under such system some castes people are regarded as untouchable by the higher castes people. They are downtrodden people. They are prohibited to enter the house of high caste people, and high caste people do not eat food cooked or touched by them, even they do not drink water given or touched by them. This system is a stigma for Nepalese society. It has degraded humanity and violated human rights and dignity. This has made very bad discrimination among the people on the basis of birth. Therefore, such social evils must be uprooted from the society through joint efforts of the people.

14. Discuss any four problems created by Deuki system.

Answer: The four problems created by Deuki system are as follows:

1. The human rights of Deuki has been violated.
2. Deuki has been isolated from the society.
3. Deuki has become deprived of education.
4. The family members of Deuki have suffered as the rich people buy girl of poor family and offer them to the temple.

15. What do you feel about 'Janakpurdham Manifesto' against dowry system? Make a critical evaluation of it. Prepare a news letter for the eradication of any kind of social problem.

Answer: In my view, almost all the Janakpurdham Manifesto against dowry system is quite satisfactory and sufficient to eradicate social problems of our country. It is the best step for the remedy of social evils and reformation of society. Provision of reward and punishment against dowry system, inclusion of article about child marriage and dowry at school level curriculum, and political parties incorporate these issues in their manifesto are some of the noteworthy points of this manifesto which I appreciate. Beside above points, a social participation and mobilization are also most essential to eradicate this problem, as it is being a social problem.

Janakpur Declaration against Dowry system

Janakpurdham, 20th Jestha

The conference against child marriage and Dowry system is completed with Janakpurdham declaration. It is stressed on the declaration that the country should encourage them who do not demand dowry and favour child marriage. They are to be boycotted from the societies who are in favour of this system and a law is to be passed for a severe punishment to those who demand dowry. The declaration also states that there should be some content in school curriculum against dowry and child marriage system and public awareness is to be created through non formal education. The declaration also suggests that some programme should also be mentioned in the political parties' manifestos. In the declaration it is requested to the government and all public to execute and support the suggestions.

16. Identify a social evil that has been deeply rooted in your society or community. And discuss the ways to avoid the social evil from the society.

Answer:

Chhaupadi Practice (Menses Perversions)

It is a social evil that has been deeply rooted in our society, i.e. Mid and Far-western parts of Nepal. In this superstitious belief, women are kept in the shed of animals up to seven days of menstruation period. They are not allowed to touch public water source, any edible things, animals and plants.

In order to avoid this social evil from the society, we should increase awareness in the people about menstruation cycle that it is not a social crime, but biological reality, Uneducated and conservative people who trust this superstitious belief must be convinced by giving alternative ideas such as maintenance of neatness step by step for the elimination of this evil. Topics related to this evil must be included in the school level curriculum.

17. Prepare pamphlets against social evils like untouchability and mention them.

Answer: 

• Let’s unite against untouchability.
• Skill and labour are accepted but not water. Why?
• End all racial discrimination.

18. What are the causes of social evils? Explain four of them in brief.

Answer:  The causes of social evils are illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, superstitious belief, population explosion, and gender and caste discrimination. The four causes of them are briefly explained below:

• Illiteracy:

It is one of cause for social evils which occurs in society. Due to this cause people engage in different antisocial activities. They are unable to distinguish between good and bad, right and wrong. As a result, it hampers the society.

• Unemployment:

Another cause for social evil is unemployment which increases due to population growth. The unemployed people are involved in illegal activities like girl trafficking, smuggling, robbery drug trafficking etc. leading disharmony in the society.

• Poverty:

This is one of social problems which create social evils. Because of poverty people are forced to engage in antisocial activities, to run their family.

• Superstitious belief:

One of the causes for social evil is superstitious belief. The people trust in this superstition due to ignorance. Such people are conservative and create social evils like untouchability, Ghumto system, Deuki system, etc. in the society, and never allow to reform the society.

19. What would be the positive impact in our society, if untouchable system was banned in 2020 B.S. in Nepal? Clarify in four points.

Answer: If untouchable system was eliminated in 2020 B.S. in Nepal then following would be the positive impacts in our society:

1. There would be less differences between so called untouchable people of today and other high caste people.
2. The people of so called low castes would be more developed than they are at the moment.
3. The parity index would be less than today because of less gap between rich and poor people.
4. The condition of human right, social development and economic prosperity would be better.

20. "The campaign to end the gender violence to women should commence from home'. Justify the statement with logic.

Answer: Yes, it's true statement that the campaign to end the gender violence to women should commence from home. It is so because most of the violence against women takes place at home only. They are prone to become victim by their husband, sister-in-law and mother in-law at home. They are tortured in the pretext of dowry, child birth and so many other reasons. Due to alcoholism of husband, they are in trauma. They are suppressed to control or hide their emotions, feelings and they are under exploitation. An activist who proclaims gender equality outside may be seizing gender equality or right at home. After gender violence against women is controlled at home, we should come to open arena of other field such as offices, schools, work places, etc. Thus the root of gender violence is home and this is why we have to start the campaign from domestic level only. Otherwise the dream and advocacy of gender equality can never be materialized into reality.

21. "Attitude of respect and understanding toward women should be there in reformed society." Write any four points to support of the statement.

Answer: Attitude of respect and understanding towards women should be there in reformed society because of following reasons:

1. Women cover half of the sky. So, how can society progress if half of its people are still lagging behind. Thus, respect and understanding towards women must be there in a reformed society to provide them opportunities to participate in social development.
2. Women are equally capable and men and women are always born equal. In the present society, women are disrespected and are underestimated. Thus, attitude of respect and understanding towards them is a must in a reformed society.
3. Women are important personalities in any person's life like mother, sister, daughter, wife, etc. Any individual requires their support to grow up 'properly'. Thus, they must be morally respected for a healthy and reformed society.
4. At present, women are facing violence and anti human rights activities. So in order to 'reform' our society, these activities must end with respect toward women.

22. How far do you agree with the statement that the formulation of rules alone doesn't eradicate the social problems? Mention your opinion in four points.

Answer: Yes, I agree with the statement that the formulation of rules alone doesn't eradicate the social problems due to the following:

1. The implementation of those rules plays a great role.
2. The formation of rules doesn't aware the people of those rules.
3. It doesn't help to stop the existing problems.
4. It doesn't stop the people from involving in such problems.

23. 'Bad custom is the obstacle of social development' Justify it with examples.

Answer: It is true that bad custom is the obstacle of social development. A bad custom creates challenge and stands as a barrier for bringing development in any field. It does not let anything change, though a good one. It sticks to only one traditional practice and closes eye for viewing or bringing any change in society. The one who believes in bad customs and practises them can neither change himself/herself nor let the society change easily. For example, if there is custom of believing in casteism, it blocks way of socialization and internal growth of the so-called low caste people. The practice of witchcraft creates barrier for developing science and technology. The child marriage custom hinders the rights of a child and even blocks the way of intellectual growth. This way, a bad custom simply exists and creates obstacle for bringing change or development in all aspects of society. With it, social development is almost null, but there is just the constancy or degradation of moral value in society. Hence, they must be uprooted on right time.

24. Many utmost efforts have been made to end bad customs in Nepal. However, these evil practices are rampant in Nepalese society. Why? Write your opinion.

Answer: Despite utmost efforts made to end bad customs in Nepal, the evil practices are rampant in Nepalese society. In my opinion, there are four major reasons behind this happening. First, there is wide ignorance in Nepal. About 30%o people are uneducated who cannot realize the negative effects of practising8 those evil practices. Second, the formulated regulations and laws are no adequate to address the problem. It means, strict laws have not been formulated as required to control the problem. Next, there is poor implementation of law in our country. Though some good laws have been formulated, they have not been executed sincerely. Many people knowingly take advantage of this situation. Fourth, there is bad culture of protecting the guilty in Nepal. This is openly done by the political leaders and the people from high level posts and power.

25. The various study and practices have justified that the rate of mitigating the social evils in Nepal is high. Highlight the governmental role behind such achievement.

Answer: The roles played by the government in achieving success in mitigating the social evils in Nepal are:

1. Government of Nepal has formulated strong laws against committing social evils that are against human rights.
2. It has been implementing the laws strictly that are formulated against social evils.
3. It has been awaring people widely by launching special campaigns and investing budget to increase literacy.
4. It has been modifying or changing some of the evils in less harsh form so as to reduce the negative impacts on human life. For instance, the evils are modified in the nature of culture or other forms.

1. What is your opinion about Deuki practice? Write in one sentence

Answer: Deuki custom is a bad practice of Far-western and Mid-western development regions, which must be ended very soon to provide such girls with their rights.

2. What do you mean by social perversions?

Answer: Social perversions are those bad practices of society which push the development backwards.

3. What is dowry system?

Answer: Dowry system is a practice of giving money or property at the marriage of a daughter.

4. Write a social effect in a sentence caused by Deuki system.

Answer: Violation of girls' rights and exclusion of such girls from the society can be considered as the effects of Deuki System.

5. Prepare an attractive slogan to create awareness against social bad Customs.

Answer: Social order is the true identity of a civilized society.

6. Where is Deuki Pratha common?

Answer: Deuki Pratha is common in the hilly areas of Far Western Development Region.

7. Write two social evils of our country.

Answer: They are untouchability and dowry system.

8. When was untouchability declared illegal?

Answer: Untouchability was declared illegal in 2020 B.S.

9. Prepare placard banners against child marriage and dowry system.

Answer:

• Marriage below the age of 18 years kills the girl.
• No need of money we need only education.

10. There might be practice of untouchability in your community. Mention any one way to eradicate it.

Answer: The practice of untouchability can be eradicated through awareness.

11. Write any one social problem and mention a solution of it in your society.

Answer: The major social problem that prevails in my society is corruption. The problem can be solved through the strict implementation of law and increasing the salary and facilities of the professionals.

12. How do the programmes organized against social evils help in minimizing them?

Answer: The programs organized against social evils help in minimizing them by increasing awareness among the people.

13. Only the formulation of law does not ensure the eradication of social evils" Give an example to justify the statement.

Answer: An example to justify the claim is the prevailing caste discrimination existing in the Nepalese society because there is law against it but it has not been eradicated yet.

14. In which sector of social service has Maiti Nepal contributed?

Answer: Maiti Nepal has contributed in the 'social service against girls trafficking in Nepal.

15. Differentiate between social problems and evils in one point each.

Answer:

Social problems:

The bad social practices created by an individual or a group. Examples: corruption, gambling, alcoholism, etc.

Social evils:

The bad social practices created and followed by the people in the name of tradition, rituals or culture, Examples: Kumari Pratha, Jhuma Pratha.

16. Mention any one evil custom that is found in the Himalayan Region of Nepal.

Answer: An evil custom that is prevalent in the Himalayan Region of Nepal is Jhuma Pratha.